What Does a Research Engineer Do?
Faculty investigators, graduate students, and industry sponsors rely on research engineers to ensure the reliability of the instruments, prototypes and test rigs behind their experiments. They make sure that equipment is calibrated, and data is accurate and delivered on time. Most work in university labs, government research centers or company R&D groups, where senior research engineers often design entire test systems from scratch.
Other Job Titles for This Work
Workers in this occupation report titles such as Energy Efficiency Engineer, Energy Engineer, Industrial Energy Engineer, Measurement And Verification Engineer, Test and Balance Engineer.
Research Engineer Duties and Responsibilities
The primary responsibilities of a research engineer include:
- Design and build test fixtures, sensors and experimental rigs for funded research projects.
- Write data acquisition and control code in Python, MATLAB or LabVIEW.
- Run experiments to agreed protocols and log settings, conditions and results as they happen.
- Analyze test data and present findings to principal investigators and project sponsors.
- Calibrate instruments and keep maintenance and calibration logs ready for audits.
- Draft methods sections, technical reports and the equipment sections of grant proposals.
- Order parts, compare vendor quotes and track spending against the project budget.
- Train graduate students and technicians to use lab equipment safely and correctly.
- Troubleshoot the hardware and software faults that stall an experiment partway through.
- Evaluate new instruments and fabrication methods the lab might adopt.
Required Skills and Qualifications
To succeed as a research engineer, you will need the following skills and qualifications:
- Python, MATLAB or LabVIEW for data collection and analysis
- CAD modeling plus hands-on machining and fabrication
- Sensors, instrumentation and data acquisition hardware
- Experimental design and statistical analysis
- Technical writing for reports, papers and proposals
- Persistence with experiments that fail over and over before they work
- Lab safety practice around electrical, mechanical and chemical hazards
- Plain explanations of engineering limits for scientists and sponsors
Education and Training
A bachelor's degree in mechanical, electrical, chemical or biomedical engineering is the usual starting point, and research groups hire from all of those fields. Undergraduate lab experience weighs heavily with them. For the upper levels, a master's or PhD gives candidates a clear edge, and moving up without a graduate degree is harder.
Salary and Job Outlook
Typical pay: varies widely for this role, and BLS does not publish pay for it separately. In the wider BLS group it belongs to (Engineers, All Other), the middle half of earners made $90,970 to $158,090 a year, and the median was $122,930.
Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025, Engineers, All Other.
BLS counts research engineers in a catch-all group of engineering specialties and projects employment in that group to grow about 4 percent from 2025 to 2035. The wider group should see roughly 8,800 openings a year. Pay figures here cover that same group. Research posts often are tied to the size of grant and contract budgets, but research engineers always will be needed as more studies depend on custom equipment and as companies fund more applied work.
Outlook source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, 2025 to 2035, Engineers, all other.
Research Engineer Pay Range
| Earners | Annual pay |
|---|---|
| Bottom 10% earn less than | $66,810 |
| Bottom 25% earn less than | $90,970 |
| Median (half earn more, half less) | $122,930 |
| Top 25% earn more than | $158,090 |
| Top 10% earn more than | $189,950 |
Highest-Paying States for Research Engineers
The states with the highest median pay for this occupation are New Mexico ($162,070), Alabama ($152,550), District of Columbia ($151,920), Virginia ($148,160), Alaska ($142,390). Pay is lowest in Nebraska ($88,490), Arkansas ($76,940), Kansas ($76,100).
Median pay in all 51 states with BLS data
| State | Median annual pay |
|---|---|
| Alabama | $152,550 |
| Alaska | $142,390 |
| Arizona | $102,280 |
| Arkansas | $76,940 |
| California | $130,850 |
| Colorado | $132,590 |
| Connecticut | $124,110 |
| Delaware | $103,580 |
| District of Columbia | $151,920 |
| Florida | $105,410 |
| Georgia | $112,260 |
| Hawaii | $122,800 |
| Idaho | $130,970 |
| Illinois | $111,930 |
| Indiana | $120,880 |
| Iowa | $103,090 |
| Kansas | $76,100 |
| Kentucky | $99,830 |
| Louisiana | $99,070 |
| Maine | $120,430 |
| Maryland | $129,770 |
| Massachusetts | $131,260 |
| Michigan | $121,000 |
| Minnesota | $108,850 |
| Mississippi | $111,030 |
| Missouri | $102,980 |
| Montana | $97,470 |
| Nebraska | $88,490 |
| Nevada | $103,780 |
| New Hampshire | $128,130 |
| New Jersey | $132,450 |
| New Mexico | $162,070 |
| New York | $117,600 |
| North Carolina | $112,450 |
| North Dakota | $100,250 |
| Ohio | $120,470 |
| Oklahoma | $119,810 |
| Oregon | $123,220 |
| Pennsylvania | $108,950 |
| Rhode Island | $117,080 |
| South Carolina | $110,490 |
| South Dakota | $112,260 |
| Tennessee | $96,640 |
| Texas | $115,810 |
| Utah | $110,320 |
| Vermont | $126,550 |
| Virginia | $148,160 |
| Washington | $134,570 |
| West Virginia | $118,800 |
| Wisconsin | $110,360 |
| Wyoming | $113,050 |
What the Work Is Like
O*NET surveys people who work as engineers, all other about their daily conditions. Of those surveyed:
- 95% use email every day
- 91% say teamwork is very or extremely important in their job
- 77% say being exact and accurate is very or extremely important
- 73% are on the phone every day
- 62% work indoors in a climate-controlled space every day
- 62% usually work more than 40 hours a week
- 50% spend more than half the workday sitting
Education Workers Say the Job Needs
| Education level | Share of workers |
|---|---|
| Bachelor's degree | 50% |
| Post-baccalaureate certificate | 14% |
| Master's degree | 14% |
| Post-secondary certificate | 9% |
Tools and Software Research Engineers Use
Tools and equipment
Software
Is This Job a Good Fit for You?
People who do well in this job tend to enjoy hands-on work with tools, machines or the outdoors as well as analyzing problems and working with ideas.
Skills O*NET rates most important: Reading Comprehension, Critical Thinking, Active Listening, Writing, Monitoring, Complex Problem Solving.
Knowledge areas used most: Engineering and Technology, Mathematics, Building and Construction, Customer and Personal Service, Mechanical.
Related Careers
These jobs use similar skills, according to O*NET's related-occupation data:
Applying for a Research Engineer Job
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Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, 2025 to 2035.
- O*NET 30.1 Database, occupation 17-2199.00 (Engineers, All Other). View on O*NET OnLine.
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