What Does a Lighting Technician Do?
Lighting technicians hang, cable and focus each fixture where the designer's light plot puts it, then program the cues on consoles such as ETC Eos or grandMA and run them during the show. Their stages include theaters, arenas, TV studios and event venues, and rigging often means working at height.
Lighting Technician Duties and Responsibilities
The primary responsibilities of a lighting technician include:
- Hang, circuit and focus lighting fixtures according to the designer's plot and paperwork.
- Run cable and power distribution safely, balancing loads across dimmers and circuits.
- Program cues on consoles such as ETC Eos or grandMA and run them during shows.
- Rig trusses and fixtures at height, following fall protection and rigging safety rules.
- Test fixtures before each performance; swap lamps, gels and faulty cables before doors open.
- Troubleshoot moving lights, LED fixtures and DMX networks when cues fail to respond.
- Load in and load out gear for tours and events, often late at night.
- Keep inventory of fixtures, spare parts and color filters, and report repair needs.
- Work with sound, video and stage crews to share power, space and rehearsal time.
- Adjust focus and color on the fly when directors change blocking during technical rehearsals.
Required Skills and Qualifications
To succeed as a lighting technician, you will need the following skills and qualifications:
- Lighting consoles such as ETC Eos or grandMA
- Electrical safety and power distribution
- DMX and lighting network troubleshooting
- ETCP certification for arena and rigging work
- Comfort working at height
- Reading light plots and paperwork
- Physical stamina for load-ins and long shows
- Calm teamwork under a show's time pressure
Education and Training
A technical theater certificate or a stagecraft program is the usual training. Some skip the classroom and earn their first paid calls pushing road cases and running cable for local crews. Arena and rigging work often requires ETCP certification. The ladder runs from electrician to board operator, head electrician or lighting programmer.
Salary and Job Outlook
Typical pay: $52,770 - $95,640 per year, with a median of $68,060.
The range covers the middle half of earners nationwide. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025, Lighting Technicians.
According to BLS, employment of lighting technicians is projected to fall about 5 percent in the decade ending in 2035, leaving roughly 600 openings a year. That is a small field. Work tends to follow touring and live event budgets, so technicians who can program consoles such as the grandMA or ETC Eos are more likely to stay busy.
Outlook source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, 2025 to 2035, Lighting technicians.
Lighting Technician Pay Range
| Earners | Annual pay |
|---|---|
| Bottom 10% earn less than | $42,310 |
| Bottom 25% earn less than | $52,770 |
| Median (half earn more, half less) | $68,060 |
| Top 25% earn more than | $95,640 |
| Top 10% earn more than | $130,760 |
Highest-Paying States for Lighting Technicians
The states with the highest median pay for this occupation are Washington ($126,100), California ($94,070), New Jersey ($87,550), New York ($78,000), Connecticut ($72,450). Pay is lowest in Kansas ($48,790), South Carolina ($46,720), Missouri ($41,900).
Median pay in all 27 states with BLS data
| State | Median annual pay |
|---|---|
| California | $94,070 |
| Connecticut | $72,450 |
| Florida | $62,190 |
| Georgia | $70,150 |
| Indiana | $50,080 |
| Kansas | $48,790 |
| Louisiana | $66,840 |
| Maryland | $49,080 |
| Massachusetts | $60,110 |
| Michigan | $60,210 |
| Missouri | $41,900 |
| Montana | $54,870 |
| Nebraska | $49,860 |
| Nevada | $61,250 |
| New Jersey | $87,550 |
| New York | $78,000 |
| North Carolina | $49,410 |
| Ohio | $54,940 |
| Oklahoma | $67,110 |
| Oregon | $57,900 |
| Pennsylvania | $57,660 |
| South Carolina | $46,720 |
| Tennessee | $60,870 |
| Texas | $53,150 |
| Utah | $49,080 |
| Virginia | $60,340 |
| Washington | $126,100 |
Tools and Software Lighting Technicians Use
Software
Is This Job a Good Fit for You?
People who do well in this job tend to enjoy hands-on work with tools, machines or the outdoors as well as organized work with data, records and clear procedures.
Preparation: O*NET places this occupation in Job Zone 3 of 5, which means medium preparation.
Related Careers
These jobs use similar skills, according to O*NET's related-occupation data:
Applying for a Lighting Technician Job
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Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, 2025 to 2035.
- O*NET 30.1 Database, occupation 27-4015.00 (Lighting Technicians). View on O*NET OnLine.
This page includes information from the O*NET 30.1 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. The Job Explorer has modified some of the information; USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed or tested these changes.