What Does a Construction Estimator Do?
A good set of drawings alone isn't likely to get a building built if the price is wrong, but if several contractors are bidding, a sharp estimate can be what persuades an owner to sign and a lender to fund. Construction estimators produce those numbers for contractors, owners and university facilities offices, pricing labor, materials and equipment before work begins.
Also known as: Chief Design Estimator, Design Estimator
Other Job Titles for This Work
Workers in this occupation report titles such as Acquisition Cost Estimator, Analyst, Cost Analyst, Cost Consultant, Cost Engineer, Cost Estimating Analyst, Cost Estimator, Estimating Specialist.
Construction Estimator Duties and Responsibilities
The primary responsibilities of a construction estimator include:
- Measure quantities from drawings (the takeoff) for concrete, steel, drywall and finishes.
- Price labor, materials and equipment using supplier quotes, past jobs and cost data such as RSMeans.
- Solicit and compare subcontractor bids, checking each for scope gaps and exclusions.
- Visit sites to check access, existing conditions and anything the drawings leave out.
- Build estimates at each design stage and explain changes in cost to architects and owners.
- Prepare bid documents, schedules of values and proposal letters before deadlines.
- Price change orders during construction and negotiate them with contractors or owners.
- Track actual costs against the estimate and update the cost database with the results.
- Suggest cheaper materials or methods, called value engineering, that keep the design intent.
- Attend pre-bid meetings and answer contractor questions about scope and quantities.
Required Skills and Qualifications
To succeed as a construction estimator, you will need the following skills and qualifications:
- Takeoff software such as Bluebeam Revu or PlanSwift
- Cost data such as RSMeans
- Advanced Excel
- Reading plans and specifications
- Construction methods and sequencing
- Math accuracy under deadline
- Negotiation with subcontractors
- Clear explanations of cost to non-builders
Education and Training
If you are coming from the trades, your field experience counts, since many estimators move into the office after years on site. Most estimators hold a bachelor's degree in construction management, engineering or building science. New estimators usually train for several months under a senior estimator before pricing jobs on their own.
Salary and Job Outlook
Typical pay: $61,150 - $101,850 per year, with a median of $78,740.
The range covers the middle half of earners nationwide. Source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025, Cost Estimators.
Although BLS projects employment of cost estimators to decline about 3 percent from 2025 to 2035, it still expects about 17,600 openings a year as estimators retire or change careers. Experienced estimators stay in demand. Work often is tied to the construction cycle, but estimators will still be needed as long as owners want to know the price before they build.
Outlook source: U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, 2025 to 2035, Cost estimators.
Construction Estimator Pay Range
| Earners | Annual pay |
|---|---|
| Bottom 10% earn less than | $48,530 |
| Bottom 25% earn less than | $61,150 |
| Median (half earn more, half less) | $78,740 |
| Top 25% earn more than | $101,850 |
| Top 10% earn more than | $130,820 |
Highest-Paying States for Construction Estimators
The states with the highest median pay for this occupation are Massachusetts ($100,840), Alaska ($97,020), Wyoming ($90,790), Colorado ($86,940), Washington ($86,070). Pay is lowest in Oklahoma ($67,800), New Mexico ($67,590), Arkansas ($61,470).
Median pay in all 51 states with BLS data
| State | Median annual pay |
|---|---|
| Alabama | $74,990 |
| Alaska | $97,020 |
| Arizona | $77,010 |
| Arkansas | $61,470 |
| California | $85,460 |
| Colorado | $86,940 |
| Connecticut | $81,030 |
| Delaware | $79,290 |
| District of Columbia | $82,730 |
| Florida | $74,990 |
| Georgia | $76,800 |
| Hawaii | $80,360 |
| Idaho | $79,700 |
| Illinois | $82,750 |
| Indiana | $73,430 |
| Iowa | $76,040 |
| Kansas | $76,250 |
| Kentucky | $74,880 |
| Louisiana | $77,030 |
| Maine | $74,080 |
| Maryland | $81,190 |
| Massachusetts | $100,840 |
| Michigan | $77,990 |
| Minnesota | $80,810 |
| Mississippi | $71,230 |
| Missouri | $76,020 |
| Montana | $77,320 |
| Nebraska | $73,100 |
| Nevada | $82,200 |
| New Hampshire | $79,560 |
| New Jersey | $80,570 |
| New Mexico | $67,590 |
| New York | $80,430 |
| North Carolina | $74,730 |
| North Dakota | $73,280 |
| Ohio | $77,730 |
| Oklahoma | $67,800 |
| Oregon | $80,460 |
| Pennsylvania | $78,480 |
| Rhode Island | $81,990 |
| South Carolina | $70,260 |
| South Dakota | $74,950 |
| Tennessee | $75,650 |
| Texas | $76,980 |
| Utah | $79,610 |
| Vermont | $81,390 |
| Virginia | $80,530 |
| Washington | $86,070 |
| West Virginia | $77,480 |
| Wisconsin | $76,270 |
| Wyoming | $90,790 |
What the Work Is Like
O*NET surveys people who work as cost estimators about their daily conditions. Of those surveyed:
- 100% use email every day
- 95% spend more than half the workday sitting
- 81% say teamwork is very or extremely important in their job
- 80% are on the phone every day
- 73% say being exact and accurate is very or extremely important
- 65% work indoors in a climate-controlled space every day
- 45% usually work more than 40 hours a week
Education Workers Say the Job Needs
| Education level | Share of workers |
|---|---|
| Bachelor's degree | 82% |
| Associate's degree | 9% |
Tools and Software Construction Estimators Use
Tools and equipment
Software
Is This Job a Good Fit for You?
People who do well in this job tend to enjoy organized work with data, records and clear procedures as well as leading, persuading and making business decisions.
Skills O*NET rates most important: Reading Comprehension, Mathematics, Speaking, Active Listening, Critical Thinking, Judgment and Decision Making.
Knowledge areas used most: Mathematics, Economics and Accounting, Computers and Electronics, Engineering and Technology, Building and Construction.
Preparation: O*NET places this occupation in Job Zone 4 of 5, which means considerable preparation.
Related Careers
These jobs use similar skills, according to O*NET's related-occupation data:
Applying for a Construction Estimator Job
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Sources
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Occupational Employment and Wage Statistics, May 2025.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, Employment Projections, 2025 to 2035.
- O*NET 30.1 Database, occupation 13-1051.00 (Cost Estimators). View on O*NET OnLine.
This page includes information from the O*NET 30.1 Database by the U.S. Department of Labor, Employment and Training Administration (USDOL/ETA). Used under the CC BY 4.0 license. O*NET® is a trademark of USDOL/ETA. The Job Explorer has modified some of the information; USDOL/ETA has not approved, endorsed or tested these changes.